Telephone technicians often used the phrase " red-right-ring-rear " ( or " ring-right-red-rough " ) to remember that the red wire connects to the right-side post in the wall jack and to the ring on the plug and to the rear lug on main distribution frames.
12.
First a primer on how a plain old telephone works-it's simply two wires ( which telcospeak calls " the pair " and latterly " the local loop " ) connected to a relay and some electrical gubbins ( in telco " the main distribution frame " ) down at the telephone exchange ( telco : " the central office " or " C . O . " ).