The main scale reading is determined by the rightmost tick on the main scale that is to the left of the zero tick on the vernier scale.
12.
Thus the difference between the space occupied by 2?on a main scale and the space of the Vernier scale is equal to one twenty-fourth of 2? or 52.
13.
Variations of one of two main scales prevail in the region among different ensembles : " slendro " and " pelog " ( both of which originated in Java ).
14.
Although the main scales tended to hover around 1 : 43 ( 1 : 50 or 1 : 100 for truck models ), eventually there were even 1 : 24 automobiles.
15.
Only when a full ten marks are counted is there alignment, because the tenth mark is ten tenths a whole main scale unit short, and therefore aligns with the ninth mark on the main scale.
16.
Only when a full ten marks are counted is there alignment, because the tenth mark is ten tenths a whole main scale unit short, and therefore aligns with the ninth mark on the main scale.
17.
Now if you move the vernier by a small amount, say, one tenth of its fixed main scale, the only pair of marks that come into alignment are the first pair, since these were the only ones originally misaligned by one tenth.
18.
The method to use a vernier scale or caliper with zero error is to use the formula'actual reading = main scale + vernier scale " ( zero error )'thus the actual reading is 19.00 + 0.54 " ( 0.10 ) = 19.44 mm
19.
If you put the two scales together with zero points aligned, the first mark on the vernier scale is one tenth short of the first main scale mark, the second two tenths short, and so on up to the ninth mark which is misaligned by nine tenths.
20.
Since these leaked air, the number of them had to be kept to a minimum, which meant that notes outside of the main scale of the clarinet ( " accidentals " ) had to be obtained by complicated fingerings which were difficult to play quickly and rarely were in tune.
