Yukawa subsequently received the Nobel Prize for an explanation of the nuclear forces by using a pi-mesonic field and predicting correctly the existence of the pion, initially called a'mesotron'by Yukawa.
12.
These results and those of the previous year were not only the first to show definitively that mesotrons are unstable, but also the first experimental confirmation of the time dilation of moving clocks predicted by relativity theory.
13.
The first accurate measurement of the lifetime of the muon ( originally called the " mesotron " ) by Bruno Rossi in 1939, used sites at Mount Evans, Echo Lake, Denver and Chicago.
14.
To perform a more direct measurement, he designed apparatus to measure the time interval between the arrival of a mesotron in an absorber, where it stopped, and the emission of an electron when the mesotron decayed.
15.
To perform a more direct measurement, he designed apparatus to measure the time interval between the arrival of a mesotron in an absorber, where it stopped, and the emission of an electron when the mesotron decayed.
16.
By this time, it was known that the main process by which mesotrons lose energy is ionisation energy loss, which is described by the Bethe formula, and is proportional to the mass per unit area of the layer of material traversed.
17.
Because the distance traversed in air was much larger than that in carbon, they interpreted this result as evidence for decay of the mesotron, and taking into account the effect of relativistic time dilation, estimated its mean life at rest as roughly 2 microseconds.
18.
He was searching for a heavier-than-electron particle, known as the mesotron . In a 17-foot-long trailer, a laboratory on wheels at a height of 14, 125 feet, Powell and assistant Henry Meyer took about 12, 000 photographs in order to capture a photo of the particle.
19.
Further, in order to differentiate between the two different types of mesons after the second meson was discovered, the initial mesotron particle was renamed the " mu meson " ( the Greek letter " ? " ( " mu " ) corresponds to " m " ), and the new 1947 meson ( Yukawa's particle ) was named the pi meson.
