Mcm10 is essential for chromosome replication and interacts with the minichromosome maintenance 2-7 helicase that is loaded in an inactive form at origins of DNA replication.
12.
The exception to this is the minichromosome encoding the rDNA, which is massively upregulated, existing at a copy number of approximately 10, 000 within the macronucleus.
13.
Minichromosome maintenance proteins have been found to be required for DNA helicase activity and inactivation of any of the six Mcm proteins prevents further progression of the replication fork.
14.
Cdt1 is essential for DNA replication and performs its role during the formation of the pre-replicative complex by loading the minichromosome maintenance proteins ( Mcm ) onto the chromosome.
15.
The pre-RC formation involves the ordered assembly of many replication factors including the origin recognition complex ( ORC ), Cdc6 protein, Cdt1 protein, and minichromosome maintenance proteins ( Mcm2-7 ).
16.
Cdc45 is a member of the highly conserved multiprotein complex including Cdc6 / Cdc18, the minichromosome maintenance proteins ( MCMs ) and DNA polymerase, which is important for early steps of DNA replication in eukaryotes.
17.
Association of the origin recognition complex ( ORC ) with a replication origin is required to recruit both minichromosome maintenance ( Mcm 2-7 ) complex proteins with replicative origins during G 1 phase of the cell cycle.
18.
In this way, the polyploid genome can fine-tune its adaptation to environmental conditions through gain of beneficial mutations on any given mini-chromosome whose replication is then selected for, or conversely, loss of a minichromosome which accrues a negative mutation.
19.
When the ORC binds to DNA at replication origins, it then serves as a scaffold for the assembly of other key initiation factors of the pre-replicative complex, which includes Cdc6, Cdt1, and minichromosome maintenance ( Mcm 2-7 ) complex proteins.
20.
During the G 1 stage of the cell cycle, the replication initiation factors, origin recognition complex ( ORC ), Cdc6, Cdt1, and minichromosome maintenance ( Mcm ) protein complex, bind sequentially to DNA to form the pre-replication complex ( pre-RC ).
