Where LFL _ { mix } is the lower flammability of the mixture, LFL _ { i } is the lower flammability of the i-th component of the mixture, and x _ { i } is the molar fraction of the i-th component of the mixture.
12.
Where \ Delta G _ { micelle } is the molar Gibbs energy of micellization, R is the universal gas constant, T is the absolute temperature, x _ s is the molar fraction of surfactant in solution, and x _ m is the molar fraction of surfactant in micelles.
13.
Where \ Delta G _ { micelle } is the molar Gibbs energy of micellization, R is the universal gas constant, T is the absolute temperature, x _ s is the molar fraction of surfactant in solution, and x _ m is the molar fraction of surfactant in micelles.
14.
The third most abundant constituent of the Uranian atmosphere is methane, the presence of which has been known for some time as a result of the ground-based bar methane molecules account for about 2.3 % of the atmosphere by molar fraction; about 10 to 30 times that found in the Sun.
15.
Here, X _ b ^ 0 is the fraction of the grain boundary monolayer available for segregated atoms at saturation, X _ b is the actual fraction covered with segregant, X _ c is the bulk solute molar fraction, and \ Delta \, G is the free energy of segregation per mole of solute.
16.
Spin transition curves are a common representation of SCO phenomenon with the most commonly observed types depicted in "'Figure 2 "'in which ? HS ( the high-spin molar fraction ) is plotted vs . T . The figure shows a gradual spin transition ( left ), an abrupt transition with hysteresis ( middle ) and a two-step transition ( right ).
