In the articulated skull this foramen leads from the pterygopalatine fossa into the posterior part of the superior meatus of the nose, and transmits the sphenopalatine artery and vein and the posterior superior lateral nasal nerve and nasopalatine nerves.
12.
In this opening the orifices of two lateral canals are visible; they are named the incisive canals or foramina of Stenson; through each of them passes the terminal branch of the descending palatine artery and the nasopalatine nerve.
13.
In most species, it is located in the floor of the nasal cavity, and opens into the mouth via two " nasopalatine ducts " running through the palate, but it opens directly into the nose in many rodents.
14.
However, horses are the exception : they exhibit Flehmen response but do not have an incisive duct communication between the nasal and the oral cavity because they do not breathe through their mouths, instead, the VNOs connect to the nasal passages by the nasopalatine duct.
15.
Yet another set of divisions from the pterygopalatine ganglion are the posterior, superior, and inferior lateral nasal nerves; and the nasopalatine nerves ( all branches of CN V 2, maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve ) that bring parasympathetic to glands of the nasal mucosa.
