The main difficulty then is to show whether an observed correlation implies causality . talk ) 14 : 42, 15 July 2011 ( UTC)
12.
A study in the Sierra Nevada Mountains of California observed correlations of trout to reductions in mayflies as a food source for Rosy-Finches.
13.
In this case, we would be mistaken to infer a causal effect of smoking on health from the observed correlation between tobacco taxes and health.
14.
Critics have argued that the observed correlations between the " g " loadings and the heritability coefficients of subtests are problematic for the mutualism theory.
15.
Alternative methods of structure learning search through the " many " possible causal structures among the variables, and remove ones which are strongly incompatible with the observed correlations.
16.
This in turn meant that changes in observed correlations on index tranches caused very large scale buying of CDS protection by swaps dealers during the financial crisis, increasing instability and illiquidity.
17.
This serves to support the possibility that observed correlations between ROS damage and aging are not necessarily indicative of the causal involvement of ROS in the aging process but are more likely due to their modulating signal transduction pathways that are part of cellular responses to the aging process.
18.
Examining genetic correlations can reveal to what extent observed correlations, such as between intelligence and socioeconomic status, are due to the same genetic traits, and in the case of diseases, can indicate shared causal pathways such as the overlap of schizophrenia with other mental diseases and intelligence-reducing variants.
19.
In the July 2014 issue of the journal " Nature ", a study based on an observed correlation between declines in some bird populations and the use of neonicotinoid pesticides in the Netherlands demonstrated that the level of neonicotinoids detected in environmental samples correlated strongly with the decline in populations of insect-eating birds.
