This study estimated that the deep-sea clade of octopods diverged from the Southern Ocean clade more than 30 mya when Antarctica cooled and the global thermohaline circulation strengthened.
12.
"A . bottgeri " feeds primarily on pelagic molluscs, especially heteropods and pteropods, with other octopods constituting a smaller portion of the animal's diet.
13.
This provided similar conditions in the deep sea ( cold, nurient and oxygen rich ) to that in the Southern Ocean enabling the octopods to colonise this environment and diversify.
14.
In addition, Strugnell s work on Southern Ocean octopods detected genetic signatures between Ross Sea and Weddell Seas populations despite them being separated by 10, 000 km of land.
15.
The octopod's thermal tolerance is limited by its ability to consume oxygen, and when it fails to provide enough oxygen to circulate at extreme temperatures the effects can be fatal.
16.
With the octopod method the device can reach a wider correction range, thereby solving a major problem of the 2nd Generation Circular External Fixators, that of having to frequently change struts.
17.
It was first isolated from the posterior salivary glands of two mollusk species " Eledone muschata " and " Eledone aldovandi ", which belong to the octopod order of Cephalopoda.
18.
After these two large discoveries, there are still many species of animals being discovered, such as desmatochelys ( sea turtles ), Nanaimoteuthis jeletzkyi ( vampire squids ), and multiple species of octopods.
19.
Both " Octopoteuthis " and " Taningia " are characterized by their lack of tentacles for the majority of their life cycle, and have traits characteristic of both squids and octopods.
20.
The narrow hyponomic sinus, which is an opening for the water-jet funnel by which the animal could move, much as with modern squid and octopods, points toward the lower or ventral side.
