River blindness, endemic through equatorial Africa and in Central and South America, is caused by the parasitic worm Onchocerca volvulus, which is spread by the bites of tiny black flies that breed in fast-moving river water.
12.
Besides the terrible itch, this variety wrinkles and spots the skin and causes other pains and troubles, said Dr . Tore Godal, who heads a new World Health Organization project to rid Africa of onchocerca volvulus within 10 years.
13.
It contains one human parasite-" Onchocerca volvulus "-which is responsible for the neglected disease Onchocerciasis, also known as " River Blindness " because the infected humans tend to live near rivers where host black flies live.
14.
Cytotaxonomic analysis of larval chromosomes from the Kulfo River area has revealed the existence of two newly recognized species of S . soderense "; yet unlike other Black flies these species are not carriers of " Onchocerca volvulus ".
15.
Additionally, to differentiate the skin-dwelling filariae " M . streptocerca " and " Onchocerca volvulus ", a nested polymerase chain reaction ( PCR ) assay was developed using small amounts of parasite material present in skin biopsies.
16.
In 1976, some authors considered it to be a species of the genus " Onchocerca "-- " Onchocerca bohmi " ( Supperer 1953 ) Bain et al ., 1976-- but most recent parasitology texts still refer to this species as " Elaeophora bohmi ".
17.
In 1976, some authors considered it to be a species of the genus " Onchocerca "-- " Onchocerca bohmi " ( Supperer 1953 ) Bain et al ., 1976-- but most recent parasitology texts still refer to this species as " Elaeophora bohmi ".
18.
These filarial nematodes and their animal hosts are often used as models for studies on the biology of human infection . " Acanthocheilonema viteae " shares considerable antigenic homology with the human filarial worm " Onchocerca volvulus "; this allows for rapid analysis of larval development which is essential to efforts in vaccine development ( Eisenbeiss et al ., 1991 ).
