In metabolism, an endergonic process is anabolic, meaning that energy is stored; in many such anabolic processes energy is supplied by coupling the reaction to adenosine triphosphate ( ATP ) and consequently resulting in a high energy, negatively charged organic phosphate and positive adenosine diphosphate.
12.
Extracellular enzymes target macromolecules such as carbohydrates ( cellulases ), lignin ( oxidases ), organic phosphates ( phosphatases ), amino sugar polymers ( chitinases ) and proteins ( proteases ) and break them down into soluble sugars that are subsequently transported into cells to support heterotrophic metabolism.
13.
It was somewhat effective against the boll weevil, Anthonomus grandis, which entered the United States from Mexico and devastated the cotton industry in the 1890s, but the standard treatment was another arsenic compound, calcium arsenate, and the long-snouted beetle was finally controlled by the less expensive chlorinated hydrocarbons and organic phosphates and by changes in farming like earlier planting and use of resistant varieties.
