Worldwide, about nine species of " Paragonimus " are known to cause human paragonimiasis in which many of the species reside in East Asia, West Africa, and in North and South America.
12.
For many years " Tarebia granifera " was believed to be an intermediate host for the Asian lungfluke " Paragonimus westermani " ( Kerbert, 1878 ), but Michelson showed in 1992 that this was erroneous.
13.
In Vietnam, since paragonimiasis was first reported there in 1906, it was presumed for 89 years that only one species of " Paragonimus " lung fluke, " P . westermani ", caused paragonmiasis in humans.
14.
Other species of Paragonimus are common in parts of Asia, Africa and South and Central America . " P . westermani " has been increasingly recognized in the United States during the past 15 years because of the increase of immigrants from endemic areas such as Southeast Asia.
