| 11. | As a family, their biology ranges between parasitoid wasps and hunting wasps.
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| 12. | Are there any parasitoid wasps that use mammalian hosts?
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| 13. | A number of species are parasitoid as larvae.
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| 14. | Some species are even hyperparasitoid, with the host itself being another parasitoid insect.
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| 15. | Wiggling may also help to deter parasitoid wasps from laying eggs on the pupa.
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| 16. | Aphids are also known to defend themselves from attack by parasitoid wasps by kicking.
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| 17. | When the host is itself a parasitoid, they are referred to as hyperparasitoids.
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| 18. | Even parasitoid wasps are vulnerable to hyperparasitoid wasps.
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| 19. | "Diaeretiella rapae " is a common wasp parasitoid of cabbage aphids.
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| 20. | This insect is clearly a parasitoid although the host species as yet is unknown.
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