In animal models, passive immunization with anti FimH-antibodies and vaccination with the protein significantly reduced colonization by UPEC . Moreover, the " Bordetella pertussis " adhesins FHA and pertactin are components of 3 of the 4 acellular pertussis vaccines currently licensed for use in the U . S . Additionally, anti-adhesion vaccines are being explored as a solution to E . coli " in mice.
