The glucose-1-phosphate generated in step 3 of the Leloir pathway may be isomerized to glucose-6-phosphate by phosphoglucomutase.
12.
Each phosphoglucomutase monomer can be divided into four sequence domains, I-IV, based on the enzyme s default spatial configuration ( see image at right ).
13.
-- PGM : Phosphoglucomutase is one of a half-dozen or more enzymes and proteins found in red blood cells and other materials traditionally analyzed by crime labs.
14.
In this case, phosphoglucomutase catalyzes the conversion of glucose 6-phosphate ( which is easily generated from glucose by the action of hexokinase ) to glucose 1-phosphate.
15.
While rabbit muscle phosphoglucomutase has served as the prototype for much of the elucidation of this enzyme's structure, newer bacterium-derived crystal structures exhibit many of the same defining characteristics.
16.
In a separate reaction, ?-D-glucose-1-phosphate is converted to glucose-6-phosphate by the action of phosphoglucomutase ( Tedokon et al . 1992 ).
17.
This glucose 1-phosphate molecule is not itself a useful metabolic intermediate, but phosphoglucomutase catalyzes the conversion of this glucose 1-phosphate to glucose 6-phosphate ( see below for the mechanism of this reaction ).
18.
Substrate-velocity relationships and induced transport tests have revealed that the dephosphorylated enzyme then facilitates the transfer of a phosphoryl group from the glucose-1, 6-bisphosphate intermediate to the enzyme, regenerating phosphorylated phosphoglucomutase and yielding glucose 6-phosphate ( in the forward direction ).
19.
High galactose-1-phosphate levels have been shown to interfere with phosphoglucomutase, glycogen phosphorylase, UDP-glycopyrophosphorylase, and inositol monophosphatase activity in bacterial models and " in vitro ", yet " in vivo " mechanisms toxicity have yet to be confirmed.
20.
Goldberg and Matheson escorted the jury through the world of genetic markers, polymorphic enzymes like phosphoglucomutase, and electrophoresis, all of which help divide mankind into not only well-known blood groups like Type A and Type O but also more arcane classifications like " 2 + 2-."
