"' Plant use of endophytic fungi in defense "'occurs when phytophagous insects, birds or mammals.
12.
It supported the fourth most specialised phytophagous insect fauna and the second largest wood-feeding insect fauna among the 24 tree species sampled.
13.
The increase in diversity of the angiosperms is also believed to have influenced the diversity of the phytophagous species, which doubled during the Middle Jurassic.
14.
Evidently adoption of a phytophagous lifestyle correlates with taxon diversity in beetles, with Cucujiformia, especially weevils ( Curculionoidea ), forming a major radiation.
15.
For many plants, including the bullhorn acacias, ants can significantly reduce herbivory from both phytophagous insects as well as larger organisms, such as large grazing mammals.
16.
All species of " Chrysolina " are phytophagous, feeding on specific food plants, and some of them have been used for biological control of weeds.
17.
Close to the Upper Jurassic, the portion of the Cupedidae decreased, however at the same time the diversity of the early plant eating, or phytophagous species increased.
18.
They are commonly known as "'bordered plant bugs "'because many have contrasting coloured edges to their phytophagous, feeding on plant juices and seeds.
19.
A small percentage are phytophagous and the larvae feed inside seeds, stems, and galls, including some that act as pollinators ( e . g . fig wasps ).
20.
The terpenes and alkaloids are inducible defenses which act similarly to defensive compounds produced by plants and are highly toxic to a wide variety of phytophagous insects as well as mammalian herbivores.
