The tegmentum ( eye movement ), red nucleus ( gait ( natural limb movement ) ), substantia nigra ( reward ), and cerebral peduncle ( motor relay ).
12.
A decorticate posturing indicates a lesion ( a point of damage ) at or above the red nucleus, whereas a decerebrate posturing indicates a lesion at or below the red nucleus.
13.
A decorticate posturing indicates a lesion ( a point of damage ) at or above the red nucleus, whereas a decerebrate posturing indicates a lesion at or below the red nucleus.
14.
The effects on these two tracts ( corticospinal and rubrospinal ) by lesions above the red nucleus is what leads to the characteristic flexion posturing of the upper extremities and extensor posturing of the lower extremities.
15.
However, parts that were inside the primitive neural tube and remained an integral part of it after complete development ( e . g ., the red nucleus ) are considered part of the tegmentum.
16.
Other brain regions outside the cerebral cortex are also of great importance to motor function, most notably the cerebellum, the basal ganglia, pedunculopontine nucleus and the red nucleus, as well as other subcortical motor nuclei.
17.
His name is lent to the eponymous " Benedikt's syndrome ", a disease characterized by ipsilateral oculomotor paralysis with contralateral tremor and hemiparesis caused by a lesion involving the red nucleus and corticospinal tract in the midbrain tegmentum.
18.
Generally lower decerebration ( the cut is made above the upper border of the pons ), middle decerebration ( cut is made through the red nucleus ) and upper decerebration ( cut is made so the cortical area is removed ).
19.
Field H ( sometimes called field H3 ) is a large zone of mixed grey and white matter from the pallidothalamic tracts of the lenticular fasciculus and the ansa lenticularis which combine in an area just in front of the red nucleus.
20.
While decorticate posturing is still an ominous sign of severe brain damage, decerebrate posturing is usually indicative of more severe damage at the rubrospinal tract, and hence, the red nucleus is also involved, indicating a lesion lower in the brainstem.
