This issue is typically dealt with by the use of refractory metals, which are resistant to change.
12.
Like most carbides of refractory metals, zirconium carbide is sub-stoichiometric, i . e ., it contains carbon vacancies.
13.
The melting point of the refractory metals are the highest for all elements except carbon, osmium and iridium.
14.
The refractory metal alloys of molybdenum, niobium, tantalum, and tungsten have been applied to space nuclear power systems.
15.
Refractory metals are often used as selective emitters for burner TPVs with tungsten being the most common choice.
16.
Refractory metals such as molybdenum formed the basis for some of Hall s most significant work and later patents.
17.
The heat produced by this torch is sufficient to weld tungsten ( 3422 �C ), the most refractory metal.
18.
The lighter three Group 5 elements occur naturally and share similar properties; all three are hard refractory metals under standard conditions.
19.
Refractory metals are used in lighting, tools, lubricants, nuclear reaction control rods, as catalysts, and for their chemical or electrical properties.
20.
Refractory metals such as tantalum and tungsten along with the more stable oxides, borides, carbides, nitrides and silicides can tolerate this.
