A related diagnosis is " Nutcraker Syndrome " where the left renal vein is described as being compressed between the aorta and the superior mesenteric artery.
12.
It usually begins in the left ascending lumbar vein or renal vein, and passes upward through the left crus of the diaphragm to enter the thorax.
13.
At diagnosis, 30 % of renal cell carcinomas have spread to the ipsilateral renal vein, and 5 10 % have continued into the inferior vena cava.
14.
The peritubular capillaries then recombine to form an efferent venule, which combines with efferent venules from other nephrons into the renal vein, and rejoins the main bloodstream.
15.
Since the left gonad drains via the left renal vein it can also result in left testicular pain in men or left lower quadrant pain in women.
16.
Since nephrotic syndrome is the most common cause of RVT, people over 40 years old and men are most at risk to develop a renal vein thrombosis.
17.
Located at the rear of the abdominal cavity in the retroperitoneal space, the kidneys receive blood from the paired renal arteries, and drain into the paired renal veins.
18.
This is essentially a conservation of mass equation which balances the renal inputs ( the renal artery ) and the renal outputs ( the renal vein and ureter ).
19.
However, the left ovary drains from the plexus to the left ovarian vein, and from there drains to the left renal vein before emptying into the inferior vena cava.
20.
This is reported to cause collateral flow paths to open up to drain the left kidney i . e . reversed flow ( reflux caudally ) in the left renal vein.
