A one-dimensional Bose gas with delta-function repulsive interactions of infinite strength is equivalent to a gas of free fermions.
12.
In the usual Ginzburg Landau theory, only the quantum vortices with purely repulsive interaction are energetically cheap enough to be induced by applied magnetic field.
13.
The repulsive interaction is shown in the third and fourth terms arising from the interaction of nucleus-image electron and electron-image nucleus, respectively.
14.
However, later research shows that direct repulsive interaction between absorbate atoms ( as well as dipolar interactions ) contribute very little to the induced surface stress.
15.
To prepare the Super Tonks Girardeau phase it is necessary to increase the repulsive interaction strength all the way through the Tonks Girardeau regime up to infinity.
16.
In liquids, where molecules are close together, repulsive interactions are much more important and it is possible to get an increase in temperature during a Joule expansion.
17.
Electrophoretic and titration studies suggest the colloidal properties of the sols result from a combination of van der Waals, electrostatic, and short-range repulsive interaction potentials.
18.
The occurrence of correct stratification and connection with synapses tells us that Dscam knockout affects only the repulsive interactions and coverage of the dendritic arbors and functional bindings are maintained.
19.
Later stages may reflect blocking of the substrate through repulsive interactions between the particles, while attractive interactions may lead to multilayer growth, and is also referred to as ripening.
20.
Where W ( D ) R is the repulsive interaction energy due to electric repulsion and W ( D ) A is the attractive interaction energy due to van der Waals interaction.
