Subsequent decisions characterized Dr Miles as holding that minimum resale price maintenance is unlawful " per se " ( automatically ).
12.
O'Connor's opinion for the court overruled a 1968 precedent that had labeled as illegal price-fixing the practice known as resale price maintenance.
13.
First, [ a ] dominant retailer . . . might request resale price maintenance to forestall innovation in distribution that decreases costs.
14.
Minimum resale price maintenance ( MRPM ) had ensured that retailers could only sell a product at a price determined by the manufacturer.
15.
The decision rested on the assertion that minimum resale price maintenance is indistinguishable in economic effect from naked horizontal price fixing by a cartel.
16.
Writing for the court, Justice Sandra Day O'Connor said there was " insufficient economic justification " for prohibiting the practice known as resale price maintenance.
17.
Several decades after " Dr Miles ", scholars began to question the assertion that minimum resale price maintenance, a vertical restraint, was the economic equivalent of a naked horizontal cartel.
18.
Among the legislation passed under his government was the abolition of resale price maintenance, bringing costs down for the consumer against the interests of producers of food and other commodities.
19.
Thus, from the 1975 enactment of the Consumer Goods Pricing Act to the 2007 " Leegin " decision, resale price maintenance was again no longer legal in the United States.
20.
In 1968, the Supreme Court extended the " per se " rule against minimum resale price maintenance to maximum resale price maintenance, in " Albrecht v . Herald Co . ",.
