The sound is written using digamma, and with digamma and rough breathing, although the letter never appears in the actual text.
12.
The rough breathing ( ? ) indicates the presence of the sound before a letter, while the smooth breathing ( ? ) indicates the absence of.
13.
However no tradition of a rough breathing in the pronunciation of " Itour-" exists nor is Iturea ever given an initial h in Latin.
14.
A double rho in the middle of a word was originally written with smooth breathing on the first rho and rough breathing on the second one ( ???????? ).
15.
If a rho was geminated within a word, the first always had the smooth breathing and the second the rough breathing ( ?? ) leading to the transiliteration rrh.
16.
Where a name starts with a rough breathing, as in ( ) " Hermes ", it is the initial vowel, not the breathing, which is made capital.
17.
It did not occur on an initial upsilon, which always has rough breathing ( thus the early name " hy ", rather than " y " ).
18.
The transcription shows partial ( pre-consonantal / word-final ) raising of and to, retention of pitch accent, and retention of word-initial ( the rough breathing ).
19.
Later grammarians, during the time of the Hellenistic Koine, developed that symbol further into a diacritic, the rough breathing (;; for short ), which was written on the top of the initial vowel.
20.
Greek accent marks and breath marks, other than the " rough breathing " ( first in the list of consonants above ), are entirely disregarded; the Greek pitch accent is superseded by a Latin stress accent, which is described below.
