With \ phi being a row vector, such that all elements in \ phi are greater than 0 and _ 1 = 1.
12.
Continuing with row vectors, matrix transformations further reconfiguring " n "-space can be applied to the right of previous outputs.
13.
If a is a row vector of size [ 1 n ] and b is a corresponding column vector of size [ n 1 ].
14.
An upper shift matrix shifts the components of a row vector one position to the left, with a zero appearing in the last position.
15.
And in turn, are column vectors ( the matrix transpose of these are row vectors ), and is the Lorentz factor of velocity.
16.
Suppose that the first matrix "'A "'is decomposed into its row vectors, and the second matrix into its column vectors:
17.
In an-dimensional Hilbert space, } } can be written as a row vector, and ( as in the previous section ) is an matrix.
18.
The two groups can be distinguished by whether they write the derivative of a scalar with respect to a vector as a column vector or a row vector.
19.
Then the row vectors of U ^ {-1 } B are mutually orthogonal and their squared norms are the eigenvalues of A ( in order ).
20.
The coordinate space may then be interpreted as the space of all column vectors, or all row vectors with the ordinary matrix operations of addition and scalar multiplication.
