| 11. | The oldest organic reactions are combustion of organic fuels and saponification of fats to make soap.
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| 12. | The saponification value must be converted into an equivalent sodium hydroxide value for use in cold process soapmaking.
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| 13. | At this time, it is safe to use the soap, since saponification is in essence complete.
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| 14. | During this cure period, trace amounts of residual lye are consumed by saponification and excess water evaporates.
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| 15. | The fat content is extracted with solvents and measured by saponification ( turning the fat into soap ).
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| 16. | See Saponification for more information . Keenan Pepper 23 : 20, 9 June 2007 ( UTC)
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| 17. | Oil specification sheets contain laboratory test results for each fat, including the precise saponification value of the fat.
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| 18. | The fabric is boiled in an alkali, which forms a soap with free fatty acids ( saponification ).
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| 19. | A cold-process soapmaker first looks up the saponification value for each unique fat on an oil specification sheet.
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| 20. | Neutralization of decanoic acid or saponification of its esters, typically triglycerides, with sodium hydroxide will give sodium decanoate.
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