"Pelagia ", like other jellyfish in the scyphozoan order Semaeostomeae are mainly distinguished from the other orders by having simple oral arms with frilled or folded lips.
12.
Unlike most scyphozoan jellyfish that practice strobilation, or the process of dividing themselves into body segments, which become new individuals, nearly all stauromedusae develop directly into the adult form.
13.
The planula forms either from the fertilized egg of a medusa, as is the case in scyphozoans and some hydrozoans, or from a polyp, as in the case of anthozoans.
14.
"Ediacaria " was often classified as a jellyfish ( a Scyphozoan Cnidarian ), and has also been interpreted in many of the categories postulated to house the Ediacaran biota.
15.
Brittle stars, especially " Ophiomusium lymani ", were numerous as were the sea urchin " Echinus affinis ", the sea star " Neomorphaster forcipatus ", mysids and various scyphozoans.
16.
The coast of the southeastern Levant has been inundated by alien biota and it is unlikely that " M . stellata ", markedly different from all known scyphozoans in the Mediterranean, is a native species.
17.
They reasoned that since the conulate " Vendoconularia " exhibited six-fold symmetry, the conularids then regarded as a sister group to the scyphozoan cnidarians must be nested within the trilobozoa, making the trilobozoan group part of the cnidarian phylum.
18.
The venom of cubozoans is distinct from that of scyphozoans, and is used to catch prey ( small fish and invertebrates, including prawns and bait fish ) and for defence from predators, which include the blue swimmer crab ) and various species of turtle including the hawksbill sea turtle and flatback sea turtle.
19.
Whereas most scyphozoan jellyfish ( also called scyphomedusae ) have a complex life cycle with both the pelagic ( swimming ) jellyfish, or medusa, stage and a bottom-living polyp stage, " Pelagia " has adapted in such a way that the polyp stage is absent, thus direct development exists.
20.
Based on their extensive investigation of the disappearance of the golden jellyfish medusae, Dawson et al . determined that the most likely cause was an El Ni�o weather event that raised the water temperature, with the result that the symbiotic algae ( Zooxanthellae ) that live within the golden jellyfish medusae and the syphistomae ( scyphozoan polyps ) could not survive.
