The Peltier effect can be considered as the back-action counterpart to the Seebeck effect ( analogous to the below ).
12.
The "'Seebeck effect "'is the conversion of heat directly into electricity at the junction of different types of wire.
13.
A net current can be generated by applying a voltage difference ( Ohm's law ), or by applying a temperature difference ( Seebeck effect ).
14.
In thermocouples the Seebeck effect is used to measure temperatures, and for accuracy it is desirable to use materials with a Seebeck coefficient that is stable over time.
15.
A further focus of interest lies on spin transport phenomena, in particular on conversion processes between magnon, spin and charge currents ( spin Hall effects, spin Seebeck effects ).
16.
In the Seebeck effect, a flow of heat driven by a temperature gradient across such a junction will cause an electromotive force across the junction when the electric current is constrained to zero.
17.
These phenomena are known more specifically as the Seebeck effect ( converting temperature to current ), Peltier effect ( converting current to temperature ), and Thomson effect ( conductor heating / cooling ).
18.
In 1854, Lord Kelvin found relationships between the three coefficients, implying that the Thomson, Peltier, and Seebeck effects are different manifestations of one effect ( uniquely characterized by the Seebeck coefficient ).
19.
Since 2005, Gentherm has been partnering with BMW and Ford focused on the development of an automotive thermoelectric generator ( ATEG ) that converts waste exhaust heat into electrical power based on the Seebeck Effect.
20.
The "'Photothermoelectric "'( PTE ) effect is based on the Seebeck effect but here the heating is achieved by absorbing light on the top of a thermoelectric ( TE ) material.
