With germ cell tumors, sex cord-stromal tumors are the most common ovarian cancer diagnosed in women under 20.
12.
However, like sex cord tumors, they can cause ovarian torsion or hemorrhage and, in children, isosexual precocious puberty.
13.
This is the indifferent stage during which the gonads are relatively large and have an outer cortex of primary sex cords and an inner medulla.
14.
"' Sertoli Leydig cell tumour "'is a member of the sex cord-stromal tumour group of ovarian and testicular cancers.
15.
Sex cord-stromal tumor, including estrogen-producing granulosa cell tumor, the benign thecoma, and virilizing Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor or arrhenoblastoma, accounts for 7 % of ovarian cancers.
16.
"' Sex cord tumour with annular tubules "', commonly referred to by its abbreviation "'SCTAT "', is a rare ovarian tumour in the sex cord group of gonadal tumours.
17.
"' Sex cord tumour with annular tubules "', commonly referred to by its abbreviation "'SCTAT "', is a rare ovarian tumour in the sex cord group of gonadal tumours.
18.
Genetic testing should be considered with adrenocortical carcinoma; carcinoid tumors; diffuse gastric cancer; fallopian tube / primary peritoneal cancer; leiomyosarcoma; medullary thyroid cancer; paraganglioma / pheochromocytoma; renal cell carcinoma of chromophobe, hybrid oncocytic, or oncocytoma histology; sebaceous carcinoma; and sex cord tumors with annular tubules.
19.
These initial Sertoli cells, in the center of the gonad, are hypothesized to be the starting point for a wave of FGF9 that spreads throughout the developing XY gonad, leading to further differentiation of Sertoli cells via the up-regulation of SOX9 . SOX9 and TDF are also believed to be responsible for many of the later processes of testis development ( such as Leydig cell differentiation, sex cord formation, and formation of testis-specific vasculature ), although exact mechanisms remain unclear.
