The term'cyclic liquefaction'refers to the occurrence of a state of soil when large shear strains have accumulated in response to cyclic loading.
12.
The slope of the initial, nearly linear, portion of a plot of shear stress as a function of shear strain is called the shear modulus
13.
The physical basis of the soil shear dynamical system is a Poisson process in which particles move to the steady-state at random shear strains.
14.
Further, an assumption commonly made to make the model mathematically tractable is that shear stress cannot cause volumetric strain nor volumetric stress cause shear strain.
15.
Newtonian fluids are named after Isaac Newton, who first postulated the relation between the shear strain rate and shear stress for such fluids in differential form.
16.
Shear strength, shear strain, and Poisson's ratios, though difficult to obtain, are fundamental when analyzing a fabric as a structural material.
17.
A " normal strain " is perpendicular to the face of an element, and a " shear strain " is parallel to it.
18.
During magnetic pulse welding a high plastic deformation is developed along with high shear strain and oxide disruption thanks to the jet and high temperatures near the collision zone.
19.
It is possible to model different modes of mechanical loading ( tension, compression, shear strain, etc . ) by setting up additional conditions at the boundaries.
20.
Finally, the shear modulus MS of a material is defined as the ratio of shear stress to shear strain at any point in an object made of that material.
