The separation between the M2 and M3 spinal reflex responses is typically 20 milliseconds, but in patients with cerebral atrophy, the separation was increased to 50 ms.
12.
In this theory, motor neurons send commands to muscles, which changes the dynamics, but rather muscles and spinal reflexes would provide all the necessary information about the system's state.
13.
The answer is that the reference value ( setpoint ) for a spinal reflex is not static; rather, it is varied by higher-level systems as their means of moving the limbs.
14.
:: ( EC ) I found the page in question online but it has a cat with surgical transection of the brain stem and electrical stimulation causes walking apparently due to spinal reflexes.
15.
By October, O'Brien was expected to return from a pitch in a months time, with a help from an American doctor Dr Frank Jarrell, a pioneer in the field of spinal reflex analysis.
16.
However in 1949, Mangoun and visiting scientist, Giuseppe Moruzzi from the University of Pisa, challenged this theory when they accidentally discovered a new type of brain system while experimenting with spinal reflexes on an anesthetized cat.
17.
It was generally believed that babies would not remember any pain that they happened to feel, and that lack of brain lesions were interpreted as supporting the idea that the responses seen in babies were merely spinal reflexes.
18.
In Wedensky s laboratory, and at the same time as Charles S . Sherrington ( 1857-1952 ), Beritashvili used the string galvanometer to study the central coordination of spinal reflexes in the registration of action currents of antagonist muscles.
19.
The emission phase of the ejaculatory reflex is under control of the sympathetic nervous system, while the ejaculatory phase is under control of a spinal reflex at the level of the spinal nerves S2 4 via the pudendal nerve.
20.
The involvement of spinal reflexes in the genesis of muscular spasticity suggested its possible treatment by surgical interruption of the sensory branch of the thoracic and lumbar nerves ( rhizotomy ), and Foerster developed in 1908 an operation to cut the posterior sensory root in order to alleviate spasticity.
