Nematodes have been observed climbing the sporangiophore or swimming inside of it to catch a ride on the sporangium.
12.
The long filamentous sporangiophores respond to divergent environmental signals including light, gravity, wind, chemicals and adjacent objects.
13.
They lack the columella and apophysis present in sporangiophores of many other species of the " Mucorales ".
14.
Species in this family have sporangiola borne on complex ampullae, simple or branched, often stoloniferous sporangiophores, sporangia absent.
15.
This is believed to result from an unidentified " avoidance gas " that is emitted by the growing zone of the sporangiophore.
16.
The sporangiophore can measure up to 400 ?m in length and has a funnel-shaped apophysis or swelling below the columella.
17.
The hyphae of " C . bertholletiae " may or may not produce rhizoids at the base of the sporangiophores.
18.
In both genera, the sporangiophore, guided by light, elongates until the sporangium is brought into contact with a solid surface.
19.
Upon infection, oospores that overwinter on leaf tissue and petioles give rise to sporangiophores which have lemon-shaped sporangia at their tips.
20.
The sporangiophores, sporangia containing stalks, are hyaline to slightly pigmented, sometimes branched and arising from stolons in groups of three or seven.
