| 11. | Some plants do not produce sporophylls.
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| 12. | A pollen cone contains hundreds of microsporangia carried on ( or borne on ) reproductive structures called sporophylls.
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| 13. | The female cones are open, with sporophylls 17-24 cm long, densely red-brown tomentose.
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| 14. | Usually, other structures are present and serve to protect the sporophylls and to form an envelope attractive to pollinators.
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| 15. | Ferns, which may produce sporophylls that are similar to sterile fronds or that appear very different from sterile fronds.
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| 16. | The female cones are open, with sporophylls 13 25 cm long, with two to six ovules per sporophyll.
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| 17. | The female cones are open, with sporophylls 13 25 cm long, with two to six ovules per sporophyll.
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| 18. | These two belid genera are very important pollinators of their host cycads; the larvae feed primarily on the sporophylls.
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| 19. | However, unlike these other groups, ovules are produced on cone scales, which are modified shoots rather than sporophylls.
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| 20. | The female cones are open, with sporophylls 16-21 cm long, with two to four ovules per sporophyll.
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