The happy result was a static universe of the type nearly everybody believed they lived in and in which geometry was strictly determined by matter.
12.
Since there was no evidence at the time that the universe was expanding, Einstein looked for a way to reconcile his theory with a static universe.
13.
Einstein conceived of the concept to make his general theory of relativity conform to what was then wrongly believed to be a static universe that is not expanding.
14.
At the time, it was an ad hoc hypothesis to add in the cosmological constant, as it was only intended to justify one result ( a static universe ).
15.
They remain forever young in Schulz's static universe, where no one seems to be older than 10 and where the most poetic mind among them is possessed by a beagle named Snoopy.
16.
Olbers'paradox, described by him in 1823 ( and then reformulated in 1826 ), states that the darkness of the night sky conflicts with the supposition of an infinite and eternal static universe.
17.
The expanding universe is therefore a fundamental feature of the universe we inhabit a universe fundamentally different from the static universe Albert Einstein first considered when he developed his gravitational theory.
18.
Ari Brynjolfsson is also mentioned in " The Static Universe " by Hilton Ratcliffe and many scientific articles related to plasma and had written extensively on the applications of quantum phenomenon related to plasma astrophysics.
19.
In fact, adding the cosmological constant to Einstein's equations does not lead to a static universe at equilibrium because the equilibrium is unstable : if the universe expands slightly, then the expansion releases vacuum energy, which causes yet more expansion.
20.
In order to achieve a consistent solution to the Einstein field equations for the case of a static universe with a non-zero density of matter, Einstein found it necessary to introduce a new term to the field equations, the cosmological constant.
