The right and left external jugular veins drain from the parotid glands, facial muscles, scalp into the subclavian veins.
12.
The subclavian vein follows the subclavian artery and is separated from the subclavian artery by the insertion of anterior scalene.
13.
Other more-common causes include the puncture of the subclavian vein by accident or during operation where there is negative pressure.
14.
However, there is a significant risk of misplacement of subclavian vein catheter into the internal jugular vein of same side.
15.
On the right side, this trunk ends in the junction of the internal jugular and subclavian veins, called the venous angle.
16.
Two leads are then inserted; one into the right atrium and the other into the right ventricular apex via the subclavian veins.
17.
The first lymph sacs to appear are the paired jugular lymph sacs at the junction of the internal jugular and subclavian veins.
18.
The posterior branch of the retromandibular vein and posterior auricular vein then form the external jugular vein, which empties into the subclavian vein.
19.
The lymph trunks drain into the lymph ducts, which in turn return lymph to the blood by emptying into the respective subclavian veins.
20.
If the accessory phrenic nerve is present, it lies lateral to the main nerve and descends posterior and occasionally inferior to the subclavian vein.
