| 11. | Then, the present perfect continuous form is often used, if a continuing action is being described.
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| 12. | The Absolute Past may at all times be replaced with the Present Perfect ( but not vice versa ).
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| 13. | In Castilian Spanish, however, the present perfect is normal when talking about events that occur " today ".
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| 14. | In general, the present perfect occurs in cases where there is an explicitly or implicitly established present frame of reference.
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| 15. | :: : The present perfect is " not " used when an adverb of past time is also used.
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| 16. | Unlike the present perfect, the past perfect can readily be used with an adverb specifying a past time frame for the occurrence.
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| 17. | In contrast to English and many other languages, Swedish does not use the perfect participle to form the present perfect and past perfect.
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| 18. | The implications of the present perfect ( that something occurred prior to the present moment ) are similar to those of the simple past.
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| 19. | In Vietnamese, the present perfect tense, past perfect tense are used as past tense, future perfect are used as future tense.
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| 20. | The construction is parallel to that of the present perfect ( there is no difference in French between perfect and non-perfect forms ).
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