The association HPR with haemoglobin allows TLF-1 binding and uptake via the trypanosome haptoglobin-hemoglobin receptor ( TbHpHbR ).
12.
Chaga's disease is caused by a trypanosome carried by a blood sucking insect found in tropical, palm growing regions.
13.
For sleeping sickness, eflornithine is the only drug besides melarsoprol that is able to kill the parasite trypanosome after it has invaded the brain.
14.
Infected flies have an altered salivary composition which lowers feeding efficiency and consequently increases the feeding time, promoting trypanosome transmission to the vertebrate host.
15.
Although its intracellular function has not been elucidated, apoL1 circulating in plasma has the ability to kill the trypanosome Trypanosoma brucei that causes sleeping sickness.
16.
This HDL subfraction, termed trypanosome lytic factor ( TLF ), contains specialized proteins that, while very active, are unique to the TLF molecule.
17.
Detection of trypanosome-specific antibodies can be used for diagnosis, but the sensitivity and specificity of these methods are too variable to be used alone for clinical diagnosis.
18.
For example, the African Trypanosome parasites are able to clear the host's antibodies, as well as resist lysis and inhibit parts of the innate immune response.
19.
However, since the sexual phase of the trypanosome lifecycle occurs within the tsetse host, biological transmission is a required step in the lifecycle of the tsetse-vectored trypanosomes.
20.
The trypanosome parasite, the cause of African sleeping sickness, and the gonorrhea bacterium each use an elegantly designed system of gene shuffling to create a wardrobe of a thousand coats.
