The variable-location and variable-length nature of profiles stems mainly from the use of the UTM ( Universal Transverse Mercator ) ground reference system.
12.
Large-scale DLGs are usually cast on the Universal Transverse Mercator coordinate system ( UTM ), but are sometimes cast on the State Plane rectangular coordinate system.
13.
The Universal Transverse Mercator coordinate system ( UTM ) is used to provide grid references for worldwide locations and this is the system commonly used for the Channel Islands.
14.
Prior to the development of the Universal Transverse Mercator coordinate system, several European nations demonstrated the utility of grid-based conformal maps by mapping their territory during the interwar period.
15.
The "'universal polar stereographic "'( "'UPS "') coordinate system is used in conjunction with the universal transverse Mercator ( UTM ) coordinate system to locate positions on the surface of the earth.
16.
Easting and northing coordinates are commonly measured in metres from the axes of some Universal Transverse Mercator coordinate system ( UTM ), which has unique zones that cover the Earth to provide detailed referencing.
17.
In the post-war years, these concepts were extended into the Universal Transverse Mercator / Universal Polar Stereographic ( UTM / UPS ) coordinate system, which is a global ( or universal ) system of grid-based maps.
18.
Data sheets are prepared for each map giving all available information including : map document number; state; county; mine name; mine ID number ( MSHA ); company name; mine type; and both the Universal Transverse Mercator ( array.
19.
USGS topographic quadrangle maps are marked with grid lines and tics around the map collar which make it possible to identify locations on the map by several methods, including the cartesian coordinates in both the State Plane Coordinate System and the Universal Transverse Mercator coordinate system.
20.
Points can be located by grid references on maps that use a standard system for Eastings and Northings, such as the Universal Transverse Mercator used worldwide, or the Ordnance Survey National Grid used by Ordnance Survey in the UK . These points can then be located by someone else using grid references, even if using maps of a different scale.
