| 11. | A secondary varicocele is due to compression of the venous drainage of the testicle.
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| 12. | Dr . Phillips recommended not removing the varicocele.
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| 13. | Though often asymptomatic, about one in four people with varicocele have negatively affected fertility.
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| 14. | Varicocele can be harmless, but in some cases it can cause infertility and pain.
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| 15. | Isolated right sided varicoceles are rare.
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| 16. | Some studies have shown increases in blood testosterone levels in individuals that have undergone varicocele repair.
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| 17. | This is especially true in primary varicocele, and absence may be a sign for clinical concern.
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| 18. | The idiopathic varicocele occurs when the valves within the veins along the spermatic cord do not work properly.
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| 19. | There is tentative evidence that varicocele surgery may improve fertility in those with obvious findings and abnormal sperm.
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| 20. | The testicle on the side of the varicocele may or may not be smaller compared to the other side.
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