There are however, no large randomised prospective controlled trials comparing patency or pregnancy rates following the decision to perform either microsurgical vasovasostomy to microsurgical vasoepididymosty as determined by this paradigm.
12.
If sperm were seen in one or both vas contents at the time of surgery, or sperm reached the patient s semen only transiently after the reversal, microsurgical vasovasostomy may be successful.
13.
If sperm are found at the testicular end of the vas deferens, then it is assumed that a secondary epididymal obstruction has not occurred and a vas deferens-to-vas deferens reconnection ( vasovasostomy ) is planned.
14.
Simple FNA maps are offered to those who are planning to have reconstructive procedures ( e . g ., vasovasostomy ) or sperm aspiration from the epididymis and who desire more complete information about spermatogenesis before proceeding with reconstruction or sperm retrieval.
