May Thurner syndrome in the broader disease profile known as nonthrombotic iliac vein lesions ( NIVLs ) exists in the symptomatic ambulatory patient and these lesions are usually not seen by venography.
12.
Contrast venography is the gold standard for judging diagnostic imaging methods for deep venous thrombosis; although, because of its cost, invasiveness, and other limitations this test is rarely performed.
13.
The imaging of venous blood with SWI is a blood-oxygen-level dependent ( BOLD ) technique which is why it was ( and is sometimes still ) referred to as BOLD venography.
14.
The diagnosis needs to be confirmed with some sort of imaging that may include magnetic resonance venography, venogram and usually confirmed with intravascular ultrasound because the flattened vein may not be noticed on conventional venography.
15.
The diagnosis needs to be confirmed with some sort of imaging that may include magnetic resonance venography, venogram and usually confirmed with intravascular ultrasound because the flattened vein may not be noticed on conventional venography.
16.
In this condition, imaging modalities often indicated include the use of Doppler and non-Doppler ultrasound, arthrography, venography magnetic resonance imaging ( MRI ) and computerised axial tomography ( CAT scan ).
17.
Although Angiography and Venography which both use X-ray and contrast injection material are more accurate than Doppler Sonography, Doppler Sonography may be chosen because it is faster, less expensive, and non-invasive.
18.
*In " Diagnosis ", subsection " Imaging ", only two sentences are used to describe compression ultrasound, despite this being the " de facto " gold standard, effectively replacing contrast venography.
19.
The gold standard for judging imaging methods is contrast venography, which involves injecting a peripheral vein of the affected limb with a contrast agent and taking X-rays, to reveal whether the venous supply has been obstructed.
20.
Damage to the endothelial tissue of the vein can be caused by blunt damage, trauma during venography, a renal transplant, tumors, acute rejection, vasculitis or spontaneous micro-trauma to the endothelium due to homocystinuria.
