The integrity of the model can be improved if the acentric factor is replaced by Mathias-Copeman constants which have been fitted to experimental vapor pressure data of pure components.
22.
That acentric chromosome fragment may segregate with the intact chromatid and result in partial tetrasomy; or, it may segregate with the complementary broken chromatid and result in partial trisomy because the broken chromatid may be saved by telomere restitution.
23.
Beyond improved two-parameter equations of state, a number of three parameter equations have been developed, often with the third parameter depending on either Z c, the compressibility factor at the critical point, or ?, the acentric factor.
24.
To calculate the third state property, it is necessary to know three constants for the species at hand : the critical temperature " T c ", critical pressure " P c ", and the acentric factor " ? ".
25.
Another way eccentric chromosome fragments may arise is when defects in genes related to homologous recombinational repair ( ex : ATM, BRCA1, BRCA2, and RAD51 ) result in a dysfunctional error-free homologous recombinational DNA repair pathway and causes the cell to resort to the error-prone non-homologous end-joining ( NHEJ ) repair pathway, increasing the likelihood of incorrect repair of DNA breaks, formation of dicentric chromosomes, and acentric chromosome fragments.
