In western Antarctic, reduced ice cover has been linked to declining Adelie penguin colonies _ possibly because it shrinks their winter habitats.
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Princess Anne will fly onto Cape Royds, site of Briton Ernest Shackleton's expedition headquarters, before visiting the cape's Adelie penguin rookery, Allen said.
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Gentoo penguins build their nests on bare rock and humpback whales seek krill along the coast, while Adelie penguins nest even further south.
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At Cape Royds, the most southernly colony of Adelie penguins is virtually emptied as adults lead their newly feathered young to the sea.
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Gentoo penguins do not store as much fat as the Adelie penguin, their closest relative, because Gentoos require less energy investment when hunting.
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Similarly, Adelie penguins wait to jump into the water until a large enough group has assembled, reducing each individual's risk of seal predation.
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Milky gray Antarctic petrels and snow petrels cruised the leads, along with Adelie penguins and emperor penguins, their pearly bellies outlined by black wings.
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Emperors and Adelie penguins are the only two penguin species inhabiting the Antarctic continent proper, although other species live among the northern islands of Antarctica.
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The few tourists who reach the McMurdo Sound find spectacular scenery with wildlife to be seen, including killer whales, seals, Adelie penguins, and emperor penguins.
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The researchers hope the genetic secrets of the flu virus will be found in dung samples taken from soil beneath Adelie penguin colonies in Antarctica.
