The familiar red H-alpha spectral line of hydrogen gas, which is the transition from the shell " n " = 3 to the Balmer series shell " n " = 2, is one of the conspicuous colours of the universe.
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:There are 5 lines, not 4, all of which are from the Balmer series . " Positive and negative charged frequency " is meaningless . " Isolating and transmitting hydrogen from the spectrum " has no discernible meaning .-- talk ) 03 : 15, 5 April 2013 ( UTC)
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The equation commonly used to calculate the Balmer series is a specific example of the Rydberg formula and follows as a simple reciprocal mathematical rearrangement of the formula above ( conventionally using a notation of "'m "'for "'n "'as the single integral constant needed ):
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It was almost twenty years later, when quantum mechanics was formulated in terms of the Schr�dinger equation, that the connection was made to atomic spectra; a connection with the mathematical physics of vibration had been suspected before, as remarked by Henri Poincar? but rejected for simple quantitative reasons, absent an explanation of the Balmer series.
25.
"' H-alpha "'( "'H? "') is a specific deep-red visible spectral line in the Balmer series with a wavelength of 656.28 astronomers as it is emitted by many emission nebulae and can be used to observe features in the sun's atmosphere including solar prominences.
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Emission lines of hydrogen ( the Balmer series ) and helium are observed, and are not doubled ( as one would expect by Doppler shift of light emitted from the edges of a fast-rotating disc ), but the wings are broadened to the point that the spread of source velocities can be as much as 4000 km / s.
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:: The Balmer series is those hydrogen lines that appear in the visible spectrum, but the entire spectrum of hydrogen can be derived from first principles by the Rydberg formula; that formula was an important keystone in building modern atomic theory as it provided the mathematical underpinning of the Bohr model; it is vital to note that Rydberg arrived at his formula quite independently of Bohr, or indeed any quantum theory at all, as the formula predates the Bohr model by 25 years.
