Scientists at Lucent Technology's Bell Labs have examined the future of the silicon-dioxide-based transistor that is used in billions of chips and have pronounced the technology both half full and half empty.
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In 1956, Philco had developed an " improved " higher-speed version of its original surface-barrier transistor, which was used in military applications and was called the surface-barrier diffused-base transistor ( SBDT ).
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The Cray-2 appeared to be pushing the limits of speed of silicon-based transistors at 4.1 ns ( 244 MHz ), and it did not appear that anything more than another 2x would be possible.
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IBM plans to announce on Monday what it calls the world's fastest silicon-based transistor, an advanced device that it said would drive the highest-performance communications systems to speeds of 100 gigahertz within two years.
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Scientists at Lucent Technology's Bell Labs recently highlighted a seemingly jarring fact : The use of silicon-dioxide based transistors to make ever smaller microchips, as has been done for decades, may have to end soon.
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The advance is based on silicon germanium-based transistors, which the company said last June had achieved individual switching speeds of 210 gigahertz _ the ability to switch on and off more than 200 billion times per second.
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The plant, which combines new technology such as copper wiring, silicon-on-insulator-based transistors and improved insulation, is part of a total dlrs 5 billion capital investment IBM launched two years ago to expand its chip-making sites around the world.
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Without further advances in the miniaturization of silicon-based transistors, hopes for continued progress would have to be based on unproven technologies _ alternative materials, new transistor designs and advances like molecular computing, in which single molecules act as the digital on-off switches.
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Without further advances in the miniaturization of silicon-based transistors, hopes for continued progress would have to be based on technologies that are promising but unproved : new materials, new transistor designs and advances like molecular computing, in which single molecules act as digital on-off switches.
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The "'post-alloy diffused transistor "'( "'PADT "'), or "'post-alloy diffused-base transistor "', was developed by Philips ( but GE and RCA filed for patent and Jacques Pankove of RCA received patent for it ) as an improvement to the germanium alloy-junction transistor, it offered even higher speed.
