Thus, in practice the HDDA reaction describes a two-step cascade reaction of benzyne formation and trapping to yield the final product.
22.
Additional evidence for the existence of benzyne came from spectroscopic studies : IR, UV / Vis, microwave, and NMR spectroscopies .,.
23.
Triphenylene can be isolated from coal tar, but it is also made synthetically using benzyne chemistry, as it is a trimer of benzyne.
24.
Triphenylene can be isolated from coal tar, but it is also made synthetically using benzyne chemistry, as it is a trimer of benzyne.
25.
A cyclometalation step follows to the nickelcyclopentadiene intermediate and then coordination of the benzyne which gives a C-H insertion reaction to the nickelcycloheptatriene compound.
26.
The reaction proceeds by a thermal reaction or pyrolysis ( above 200 �C ) forming a short-lived and very reactive para-benzyne biradical species.
27.
The simplest model of an HDDA reaction is the cycloaddition of butadiyne and acetylene to form ortho-benzyne ( o-benzyne, shown below ).
28.
The simplest model of an HDDA reaction is the cycloaddition of butadiyne and acetylene to form ortho-benzyne ( o-benzyne, shown below ).
29.
These compounds are synthesized by bacteria as defense mechanisms due to their ability to cleave DNA through the formation of p-benzyne from the enediyne component of the molecule.
30.
Geometric constraints on the triple bond in " ortho "-benzyne result in reduced overlap of in-plane p-orbitals, and thus weaker triple bond.
