| 21. | These birefringence colors are of the first order.
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| 22. | Birefringence is the difference between two principal indices of refraction of a uniaxial crystal.
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| 23. | OSQAR at CERN is also studying vacuum birefringence.
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| 24. | It can also introduce birefringence, an effect seen in crystals such as calcite.
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| 25. | It is anisotropic and has high birefringence.
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| 26. | The birefringence in some crystals, in particular lithium niobate is highly temperature-dependent.
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| 27. | This is called birefringence or optical anisotropy.
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| 28. | This strong birefringence causes objects viewed through a clear piece of calcite to appear doubled.
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| 29. | In an anisotropic material, the relative permittivity may be a tensor, causing birefringence.
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| 30. | "' Birefringence "'is the polarization and propagation direction of light.
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