Due to this, lead bismuthate can be used in spectral devices, such as optical switches and photoionic devices, detection systems based on sensitivity to infrared ( IR ) and heat radiation, laser materials, optical waveguides, and crystal free fiber drawings.
22.
Thus the lead bismuthate in conjunction with increasing concentrations of metal cation or oxide adducts such as Fe 2 O 3, MnO or Gd 2 O 3 increases the stabilization effect and transmission window of the lead bismuthate resulting in the crystallization of the glass structure.
23.
Thus the lead bismuthate in conjunction with increasing concentrations of metal cation or oxide adducts such as Fe 2 O 3, MnO or Gd 2 O 3 increases the stabilization effect and transmission window of the lead bismuthate resulting in the crystallization of the glass structure.
24.
Though unfortunately, lead bismuthate glass cannot form on its own and is rather difficult to make . ��As lead bismuthate melts in the glass forming process, it becomes less stable and tends to crystallize as the temperature decreases, creating a less translucent and glossy product.
25.
Though unfortunately, lead bismuthate glass cannot form on its own and is rather difficult to make . ��As lead bismuthate melts in the glass forming process, it becomes less stable and tends to crystallize as the temperature decreases, creating a less translucent and glossy product.
26.
For example, varying the mole percent of Li 2 O in the lead bismuthate glass with the formula Li 2 O-[ Bi 2 O 3-PbO ] can increase the transmission range to wavelengths beyond 10-15 micrometers in the IR spectra and 420-450 nm in the UV-Vis spectra.
27.
Lead bismuthate glass has a density in the range of 7.639-7.699 g / cm 3 and refractive index within the range of 2.47-2.9 . But most importantly Lead bismuthate glass has a uniquely large transmitting window, containing wavelengths in the infrared ( IR ) and UV-visible wavelengths.
28.
Lead bismuthate glass has a density in the range of 7.639-7.699 g / cm 3 and refractive index within the range of 2.47-2.9 . But most importantly Lead bismuthate glass has a uniquely large transmitting window, containing wavelengths in the infrared ( IR ) and UV-visible wavelengths.
29.
Although " E " ?( Md 4 + ?! Md 3 + ) was predicted in 1975 to be + 5.4 V, suggesting that mendelevium ( III ) could be easily oxidized to mendelevium ( IV ), 1967 experiments with the strong oxidizing agent sodium bismuthate were unable to oxidize mendelevium ( III ) to mendelevium ( IV ).
