In the deepest parts of the sea, the bottom waters were saltier than the top, and not mixing.
22.
Gas saturates the bottom water and stays trapped there, like the carbon dioxide in a sealed bottle of seltzer.
23.
The algae settles in the bottom waters and decays, consuming oxygen faster than it can be replenished from the surface.
24.
Antarctic bottom water is formed in the Cape Darnley from surface water cooling in polynyas and below the ice shelf.
25.
Oxygen depletion in bottom waters then favours the enhanced preservation of the sinking organic matter during burial in the sediments.
26.
This colder bottom water hits a warmer surface layer that is eutrophied, awash in algae due to the nitrogen-rich runoff.
27.
One of these is the Antarctic Bottom Water, a very cold, highly saline, dense water that forms under sea ice.
28.
Atlantic Water has the same salinity as Arctic Bottom Water but is much warmer ( up to 3 �C ).
29.
Just as river valleys direct streams and rivers on the continents, the bottom topography steers the deep and bottom water masses.
30.
There were sea-going generator designs based on thermodynamics, which exploited the temperature difference between warm surface water and cold bottom water.
