The anterior end is usually buried and attached by byssal threads, whereas its wider posterior gaping end extends above the sea bottom surface to facilitate filter-feeding.
22.
Unlike most bivalves, oysters do not have a foot in adulthood; they also lack an anterior adductor muscle and do not secrete byssal threads, like mussels do.
23.
Entoliids had auricles and byssal notch only at youth, but they did not have a ctenolium, a comb-like arrangement along the margins of the byssal notch in Pectinidae.
24.
Entoliids had auricles and byssal notch only at youth, but they did not have a ctenolium, a comb-like arrangement along the margins of the byssal notch in Pectinidae.
25.
In aquaria, it should be kept lower in the display and although some specimens prefer lying in the substrate they will occasionally attach their byssal threads to rocks above the substrate.
26.
The foot of the mussel is equipped with a tiny organ that excretes something called byssal threads, four proteins that combine, in the presence of a catalytic fifth protein, to create the glue.
27.
The byssal thread is also sometimes used by mussels as a defensive measure, to tether predatory molluscs, such as dog whelks, that invade mussel beds, immobilising them and thus starving them to death.
28.
Types of substrate attachments include mussels'tethering byssal threads and glues, sea stars'thousands of suctioning tube feet, and isopods'hook-like appendages that help them hold on to intertidal kelps.
29.
From glands in its sluglike foot, the animal secretes a glue that in less than five minutes hardens into a filament, or byssal thread, that will tether it for life to an ! ijtertidal rock.
30.
A significant morphological feature lacking in the entoliids but present in modern scallops is the ctenolium, a comb-like structure under the anterior auricle through which scallops are able to produce a byssal thread for attachment to a substrate.
