The compound itself has no known uses; however, various functionalized analogues are produced by plants and animals, typically in the form of sterols, steroids and bile acids ( e . g . cholic acid ).
22.
Aramchol was initially intended to combine a cholesterol solubilising moiety ( a saturated fatty acid ) with a bile acid ( cholic acid ) acting as a vehicle to enable secretion into bile and entry into the enterohepatic circulation to solubilise bile stones.
23.
Cholic acid, formulated as Cholbam capsules, is approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration as a treatment for children and adults with bile acid synthesis disorders due to single enzyme defects, and for peroxisomal disorders ( such as Zellweger syndrome ).
24.
It is metabolized by the enzyme 7?-hydroxycholest-4-en-3-one 12?-hydroxylase to 7?, 12?-dihydroxycholest-4-en-3-one and then to cholic acid, the major primary bile acid in humans.
25.
However, perhaps the greatest area of interest from alkaliphiles lies in their enzymes : alkaline proteases; starch-degrading enzymes; cellulases; lipases; xylanases; pectinases; chitinases and their metabolites, including : 2-phenylamine; carotenoids; siderophores; cholic acid derivatives and organic acids.
26.
Energy drinks also contain taurine which helps to do a lot of things but in energy drinks it's particularly helpful due to it's effects of countering osmotic shock ( good if you're an athlete ) and it's role of being a surfactant of the cholic acid conjugate.
