In traditional music, repetition is a device for creating recognizability, reproduction for the sake of the representing eros and the ego, but to the libido and to the death instinct ."
22.
Providing what he saw as clinical proof of the reality of the death instinct in 1930, Federn reported on the self-destructive tendencies of severely melancholic patients as evidence of what he would later call inwardly-directed mortido.
23.
Heinz Hartmann set the tone for ego psychology when he " chose to [ . . . ] do without'Freud's other, mainly biologically oriented set of hypotheses of the " life " and " death instincts "'".
24.
From the conservative, restorative character of instinctual life, Freud derived his death drive, with its " pressure towards death ", and the resulting " separation of the death instincts from the life instincts " seen in Eros.
25.
Similarly, Neville Symington's'criticism of Melanie Klein is that . . . she maintained the concept of the death instinct in order to remain loyal to Freud's instinct theory, but it only muddles her otherwise clear formulations '.
26.
Gerald Brennan observed this in his classic South from Granada : " A mysterious change comes over Spaniards in the presence of death . . . as if their own death instincts had been unloosed and given vicarious satisfaction.
27.
Eric Berne too would proudly proclaim that he, " besides having repeated and confirmed the conventional observations of Freud, also believes right down the line with him concerning the death instinct, and the pervasiveness of the repetition compulsion ".
28.
Otto Fenichel in his compendious survey of the first Freudian half-century concluded that " the facts on which Freud based his concept of a death instinct in no way necessitate the assumption [ . . . ] of a genuine self-destructive instinct ".
29.
Brown believed that the death instinct need not be externalized in the form of aggression if " men could recapture the original undifferentiated harmony of Life and Death . " Brown therefore called for an end to the " repression of death " that perpetuated aggression.
30.
In " The Ego and the Id " ( 1923 ) he would develop his argument to state that " the death instinct would thus seem to express itself though probably only in part as an " instinct of destruction " directed against the external world ".
