The " shade " gene ( Cyp314a1 ) codes for a P 450 enzyme responsible for adding a hydroxyl group to the 20C-position of ecdysone to make 20-hydroxyecdysone, the final step in the biosynthetic pathway.
22.
Hwanghsu, K ., Reddy, G ., Kumaran, A . K ., Bollenbacher, W . E ., Gilbert, L . I ., 1979 . Correlations between Juvenile Hormone Esterase-Activity, Ecdysone Titer and Cellular Reprogramming in Galleria-Mellonella.
23.
Their study showed that the mosquitos that were treated with methoprene frequently died during the pupal stage; this was caused by s-methoprene negatively affecting the gene expression in 20E . The down-regulation of 20E hinders the ecdysone receptor complex as well as the formation of vitellogenin causing poor egg maturation
